[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mipel.sk\/5-znamok-z-hladiska-vedy-ze-zacinate-starnut\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.mipel.sk\/5-znamok-z-hladiska-vedy-ze-zacinate-starnut\/","headline":"5 zn\u00e1mok, z h\u013eadiska vedy, \u017ee za\u010d\u00ednate starn\u00fa\u0165","name":"5 zn\u00e1mok, z h\u013eadiska vedy, \u017ee za\u010d\u00ednate starn\u00fa\u0165","description":"Tak\u017ee tu je 5 faktorov, ktor\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00fa starn\u00facu osobu. 1. Nakumulovan\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie DNA Na\u0161a DNA je genetick\u00fd k\u00f3d, ktor\u00fd prech\u00e1dza medzi bunkami. Starnutie vedie k","datePublished":"2018-09-14","dateModified":"2023-04-27","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mipel.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.mipel.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ae18345300f35922a2a7b2caa17564b68acab8514eff939a8a019efde378c24?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4ae18345300f35922a2a7b2caa17564b68acab8514eff939a8a019efde378c24?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"mipel.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.mipel.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a293326_w16476_t1542217476.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.mipel.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a293326_w16476_t1542217476.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.mipel.sk\/5-znamok-z-hladiska-vedy-ze-zacinate-starnut\/","wordCount":380,"articleBody":"Tak\u017ee tu je 5 faktorov, ktor\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00fa starn\u00facu osobu.1. Nakumulovan\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie DNANa\u0161a DNA je genetick\u00fd k\u00f3d, ktor\u00fd prech\u00e1dza medzi bunkami. Starnutie vedie k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu ch\u00fdb, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 v tomto procese. Tieto chyby sa hromadia v bunk\u00e1ch. Tento jav je zn\u00e1my ako genetick\u00e1 nestabilita a je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 charakteristick\u00fd pre chyby DNA v kme\u0148ov\u00fdch bunk\u00e1ch, z ktor\u00fdch sa vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 bunky so \u0161peci\u00e1lnymi funkciami. Genetick\u00e1 nestabilita m\u00f4\u017ee ohrozi\u0165 pr\u00e1cu kme\u0148ov\u00fdch buniek. S akumul\u00e1ciou ch\u00fdb sa tieto bunky m\u00f4\u017eu sta\u0165 rakovinov\u00fdmi.2. Chromoz\u00f3my sa opotrebuj\u00faDNA vl\u00e1kna maj\u00fa tipy, ktor\u00e9 chr\u00e1nia na\u0161e chromoz\u00f3my – nie\u010do ako plastov\u00e9 hadice na konci \u0161n\u00farok. Naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa sa telom\u00e9ry. Vzh\u013eadom na starnutie sa tieto ochrann\u00e9 n\u00e1razn\u00edky opotrebuj\u00fa a chromoz\u00f3my str\u00e1caj\u00fa svoju ochranu. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee s\u00fa nespr\u00e1vne reprodukovan\u00e9, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje probl\u00e9my. V\u00fdskumn\u00edci sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa de\u0161trukciu telomer s ochoreniami, ako je p\u013e\u00facna fibr\u00f3za a an\u00e9mia, z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 imunologick\u00e9 ochorenie.3. Porucha spr\u00e1vania buniekGenetick\u00e1 expresia sa vyskytuje v tele: tis\u00edce g\u00e9nov v konkr\u00e9tnej bunke ur\u010duj\u00fa, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee bunka robi\u0165 – \u010di sa m\u00f4\u017ee spr\u00e1va\u0165 napr\u00edklad ako bunka v tele alebo mozgu. \u010cas a \u017eivotn\u00fd \u0161t\u00fdl ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa, ako s\u00fa tieto „pokyny“ uveden\u00e9. Bunky sa ale nemusia v\u00f4bec spr\u00e1va\u0165 tak, ako by mali.4. Bunky prest\u00e1vaj\u00fa aktualizova\u0165Aby sme zabr\u00e1nili hromadeniu po\u0161koden\u00fdch komponentov v na\u0161ich bunk\u00e1ch, \u013eudsk\u00e9 telo je schopn\u00e9 pravidelne aktualizova\u0165 s\u00fabor buniek. T\u00e1to schopnos\u0165 sa v\u0161ak str\u00e1ca s vekom a bunky za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa hromadi\u0165 zbyto\u010dn\u00e9 alebo toxick\u00e9 prote\u00edny – niektor\u00e9 z nich ved\u00fa k Alzheimerovej alebo Parkinsonovej chorobe, rovnako ako k vzniku katarakty.5. Zhor\u0161uje sa metabolizmus buniek\u010casom bunky str\u00e1caj\u00fa schopnos\u0165 spracov\u00e1va\u0165 l\u00e1tky ako tuk alebo cukor. To m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k rozvoju cukrovky, preto\u017ee telo u\u017e nedok\u00e1\u017ee absorbova\u0165 \u017eiviny vstupuj\u00face do buniek. Diabetes s\u00favisiaci s vekom sa \u010dasto vyskytuje z tohto d\u00f4vodu – telo star\u0161\u00edch \u013eud\u00ed nie je schopn\u00e9 recyklova\u0165 v\u0161etko, \u010do jedia.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.7\/5 - (3 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"5 zn\u00e1mok, z h\u013eadiska vedy, \u017ee za\u010d\u00ednate starn\u00fa\u0165","item":"https:\/\/www.mipel.sk\/5-znamok-z-hladiska-vedy-ze-zacinate-starnut\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]